Keratin structures are found throughout the animal world and can be found in diverse forms with varying functions. Hair has evolved to fit the needs…
This report describes two of the most important gas exchangers for all living animals: lungs and gills. Throughout the research, cutaneous respiration will also be…
In contrast to their closest modern relatives, the family Crocodylinae, avian eggs dramatically range in egg size, shape and color. Primarily for protection from predators,…
This report intends to analyze and discuss the organ of the ear from a biomolecular, cellular and tissue engineering perspective. To understand the general function…
The designs that enable arteries and veins to execute their functions are the products of evolutionary processes. This report explores this notion within the framework…
In “The Optical Properties of Camera Eyes” the optical properties of the camera-type eye and how light can properly converge light onto the retina to…