For a long time, it was agreed that birds did not have a sense of taste, or that if they did, it was minimal (Rowland…
This paper discusses the molecular aspects of the spine and the spinal cord. It explores the purpose of the spinal cord and how it operates…
Tooth eruption, the movement of the tooth germ from its non-functional position in the alveolar processes to its final function position in the oral cavity,…
This report intends to analyze and discuss the organ of the ear from a biomolecular, cellular and tissue engineering perspective. To understand the general function…
The designs that enable arteries and veins to execute their functions are the products of evolutionary processes. This report explores this notion within the framework…
Often, only the sense of sight and hearing are considered essential to understanding the world in which humans live in. In practice, however, the sense…
Life in the wild is extremely harsh. Major injuries such as the loss of a limb can quickly turn fatal for many animals if they…
The skin is a highly complex organ. It contains many components which allow it to fulfil its functions. These components include various cells and proteins…
This paper focuses on the biochemical and cellular properties of different cells found in the heart tissues such as cardiomyocytes and cardiac pacemaker cells. Cardiac…