This paper discusses the molecular aspects of the spine and the spinal cord. It explores the purpose of the spinal cord and how it operates…
Keratin structures are found throughout the animal world and can be found in diverse forms with varying functions. Hair has evolved to fit the needs…
This report describes two of the most important gas exchangers for all living animals: lungs and gills. Throughout the research, cutaneous respiration will also be…
The skin is a highly complex organ. It contains many components which allow it to fulfil its functions. These components include various cells and proteins…
This paper focuses on the biochemical and cellular properties of different cells found in the heart tissues such as cardiomyocytes and cardiac pacemaker cells. Cardiac…