This paper discusses the molecular aspects of the spine and the spinal cord. It explores the purpose of the spinal cord and how it operates…
Keratin structures are found throughout the animal world and can be found in diverse forms with varying functions. Hair has evolved to fit the needs…
This report describes two of the most important gas exchangers for all living animals: lungs and gills. Throughout the research, cutaneous respiration will also be…
This report intends to analyze and discuss the organ of the ear from a biomolecular, cellular and tissue engineering perspective. To understand the general function…
The designs that enable arteries and veins to execute their functions are the products of evolutionary processes. This report explores this notion within the framework…
The goal of the following report is to explore the intricacies of marine animals’ flippers at a molecular level. Three main topics will be addressed throughout…
The skin is a highly complex organ. It contains many components which allow it to fulfil its functions. These components include various cells and proteins…
This paper focuses on the biochemical and cellular properties of different cells found in the heart tissues such as cardiomyocytes and cardiac pacemaker cells. Cardiac…
Birds are the only animals alive that have developed feathers, evolving from the scales of reptiles. Feathers are necessary for flight, insulation, and courtship displays.…