For a long time, it was agreed that birds did not have a sense of taste, or that if they did, it was minimal (Rowland…
This paper discusses the molecular aspects of the spine and the spinal cord. It explores the purpose of the spinal cord and how it operates…
Keratin structures are found throughout the animal world and can be found in diverse forms with varying functions. Hair has evolved to fit the needs…
This report describes two of the most important gas exchangers for all living animals: lungs and gills. Throughout the research, cutaneous respiration will also be…
Tooth eruption, the movement of the tooth germ from its non-functional position in the alveolar processes to its final function position in the oral cavity,…
This paper delves into the details and applications of stable isotope and diet analysis. The report begins by giving a general overview of some key…
In contrast to their closest modern relatives, the family Crocodylinae, avian eggs dramatically range in egg size, shape and color. Primarily for protection from predators,…
This report intends to analyze and discuss the organ of the ear from a biomolecular, cellular and tissue engineering perspective. To understand the general function…
The designs that enable arteries and veins to execute their functions are the products of evolutionary processes. This report explores this notion within the framework…
The goal of the following report is to explore the intricacies of marine animals’ flippers at a molecular level. Three main topics will be addressed throughout…
In “The Optical Properties of Camera Eyes” the optical properties of the camera-type eye and how light can properly converge light onto the retina to…
Often, only the sense of sight and hearing are considered essential to understanding the world in which humans live in. In practice, however, the sense…